The historical roots of the ministerial system in Egypt is dated back to 1805, when the ruler of Egypt (Muhammad Ali Pasha) established a bureau called the Cabinet of the Ruler - " the Wali " - and made its jurisdiction to control the city " the capital ", and addressing the problems of citizens and foreigners alike.
Inside the Cabinet, he formed a council of four scholars representing the four schools of thought to consider issues of inheritance, guardianship and major crimes.
In 1854 the ruler of Egypt (Abbas Pasha I) appointed the first governor of the capital (governor of El Mahrousa).